Monday, January 3, 2011
Homework 1, Due January 7, 2011
Welcome back! I hope your Christmas break was refreshing. This week we will be discussing the English Civil War known as the War of the Roses. Your assignment is to research a battle or important individual and report your findings. You will find important information to get you started at the site http://warsoftheroses.com/ . Remember that you will receive no points for plagiarized material! The requirements for this assignment are exactly the same as those that preceded it.
Subscribe to:
Post Comments (Atom)
The Battle of Wakefield was fought on December 30, 1460 near the city of York. The York leader were Richard Duke of York and Richard Neville earl of Salisbury. These men commanded a force of 8,000 men. The Lancaster leaders were Henry Beaufort duke of Somerset, Sir Henry Holland duke of Exeter, Sir Henry Percy duke of Northumberland
ReplyDeleteLord Clifford and Lord Roos. These men commanded a force of 18,000 men, twice the size of their foes' army.
On December 21, the York army started digging in (digging ditches and better preparing to defend) at Sandal Castle, near the City of York. The Duke (Richard, not John Wayne) was expecting reinforcments, though he didn't know where they were or when they would arrive, and so prepared to winter at the castle. He knew their were five Lancasterian armies in the vicinity, greatly outnumbering his own force, and the Duke dared not fight them with his small force of 8,000. However, he soon abandoned this and did indeed fight the Lancasterian army, although the reason why is unknown.
For some reason, perhaps one of his foraging parties came under attack, the Duke and his army left the safety of Sandal Castle and marched to the skirmish on Sandal Common. The Lancasterian army flanked him, these flanking manevours being led by Andrew Tollope and Lord Roos. The Duke realized that his vastly outnumbered army would soon be surrounded and destroyed. Seventeen year old Rutland, the Duke's son, was ordered to retreat and flee the battle, but he was captured and brutally stabbed to death. Lord Clifford brought his part of the Lancasterian army around the rear, cutting off the York armys' way of retreat. The Duke himself was hacked to death after he refused quarter (refused to surrender).
By the end of the battle, half of the York army lay dead. The heads of the Duke, Salisbury, and Rutland were impaled on spikes and left on Micklegate Bar in York. This battle was a major victory for the Houses of Lancaster.
The Wars of Roses are a very interesting group of battles; they were civil wars fought in medieval England in 1455 and continued until 1485, these wars were fought during the reigns of Henry VI, Edward IV, and Richard III, between the house of Lancaster and the house of York. One of the most important battles of these wars was The Battle of Bosworth. Henry Tudor ( Henry VII ) and his men arrived in Milford Haven, to challenge Richard for the crown, and was being joined by a large number of Welshmen, they marched to Atherstone, where he was met by Lord Stanley and Sir William Stanley who were both going to desert him during the battle. Richards army and Henry Tudors army met on August 22, 1485. Four armies were there, but only 2 of them had the intent on fighting with each other, the other two only intended on joining the winning team. Richards army had 9000 soldiers, and Henry's army had 5000. The two armies watching, combined for 6000 soldiers, and would be a big decision maker in Henry's and Richard's issue. Henry Tudor ended up winning this battle and cut off Richard from his main army, and killing Richard. After the victory, Henry had him stripped and paraded ignominiously through the streets of Leicester. This was a very big win for Henry Tudor and The house of Lancaster.
ReplyDeleteworks cited:http://warsoftheroses.com/
www.wars-of-the-roses.com/content/battles/bosworth
Today I will tell you something about Edward IV. He was the son of Richard III. His father spent the later part of his life to acquire the throne for his familie.He ascended the throne in 1461. Edward was a member of the York familie. He fought with his father Richard at the battle at Ludford after which he fled to Calais with the earl of Warwick and the earl of Sailsbury.He defeaded the Lancastrians at Mortimor's Cross and became King of England in March 1461. He married Elizabeth Woodville, which caused trouble in the future, in 1464. Edward was not able to muster enough forces to confront the Lancastrian army (led by Richard Neville, Warwick), so he fled to Holland in September 1470. One year later he returned and defeated the Army at the battle of Tewkesbury.In the same year he executed Henry VI .Upon his death in 1483, his legacies include two young sons, Edward V and Richard, both of which would be murdered in the Tower of London that year.
ReplyDeleteKing Henry the VI was the king of England from 1422 to 1461 and then again from1470 to 1471, and the King of France from 1422 to 1453. Henry was the only child and heir of King Henry the V of England. He succeeded his father at the very early age of nine months. And then approximately two months later he became the King of France after his grandfather, Charles the VI, death. The nobles started a parliament in the kings name until he was old enough to really be king. Henry eventually slipped into a mental breakdown, and was completely unaware of everything. Henry even failed to have any recognition of the birth of his son and heir of his kingdom. Henrys maternal grandfather Charles the Vi of France was said to have struggled with mental problems for the last thirty years of his life. On Christmas day in 1454, Henry came back to his senses during the War of the Roses. But reclaiming the throne did not affect the nobles that had taken matters into their own hands. Henry was thrown into jail after many problems with the House of York and Lancaster. But he and his wife escaped to Scotland, until King Edward found them and held Henry captive in the Tower of London. But his wife and son fought to get the throne back in behalf of King Henry's name. And they did just that but, Henry only held the throne for less than six months after another breakdown from being held captive. Henry the VI died on May 21, 1471 at the age of 50.
ReplyDeletehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_VI_of_England
Zack,
ReplyDeleteGood essay! I'm not much on English history so I had never heard the story of Henry VI. He certainly had a sad and hard life. King at only 9 months? That's crazy. I've heard stories of people being a ruler at 8 or so, but before you can walk or talk? Dang. haha No wonder the guy had mental breakdowns all his life. Life is hard enough without having to be King as far back as you can remember!! Good essay.
Christian,
Interesting story. I love battles and that certainly seems like a good one to research. I like how 2 armies just stood by to watch and then join the winner, it's funny (though I doubt it was funny for the soldiers in the battle). I also like the odds, 9,000 to 5,000 would make an interesting battle for sure. The battle shows that numbers don't always mean the battle is won. Good essay.
I am going to talk about the Battle of Towton, one of the battles in the Wars of the Roses.
ReplyDeleteThe Wars of the Roses were a series of civil wars in England from 1455 to 1487. The battles were fought between the House of Lancaster and the House of York. The name Wars of the Roses is based on the badges each House used, a red rose for the Lancastrians and the white rose for the Yorkists.
The battle of Towton was on 29th March 1461, one day after the battle of Ferrybridge which the Yorkists won. The Yorkist forces (36,000) attacked the Lancastrian forces (40,000) during a snowstorm up a sloping hill. The snow and the wind direction helped the Yorkist archers to be able to shoot farther then their enemies. The Lancastrians thought their best strategy was to charge and after many hours of fighting the Yorkist line was showing signs of strains, but fortunately John Mowbray arrived with more reinforcements and they were able to defeat the Lancastrians. So King Henry VI, the Queen, and their son fled to Scotland and Edward IV marched into York. On June 28 he was formally crowned king at Westminster.
Works cited:
http://warsoftheroses.com/
http://warsoftheroses.com/WRBattleShell.cfm?bid=9
The Wars of the Roses lasted from 1455 to 1487. These wars were multiple civil wars fought between the House of Lancaster and the House of York. Im going to talk about the Battle of Stoke Field. This battle was fought when Henry VII was King of England. Some Yorkish factions tried to regain the throne although the strongest male from the Yorkish dynasty was only 1 years old and his name was Edward. King Henry captured little Edward and confined him at the Tower of London. Some time around then, a man named Richard Simmons, who was a priest, found a young boy names Lambert Simnel. Lambert Simnel had a strong resemblance to Richard. Simmons educated the boy and intended to present Simnel as Richard in mind of having him crowned king. Simmons plans, however, were changed when he heard rumors that Edward had died. As this rumor spread, he actually escaped from London. Much happened throughout this time but eventually Simnel was crowned King Edward VI at Christ Church Cathedral on May 24, 1487 in Dublin Ireland.
ReplyDeleteSome aftermath of this Battle of Stoke Field was that Henry lost around 3,000 people and wounded. The Yorkists lost around 4,000 people. But although many survived, they too had a sad ended. Surviving English and Irish Yorkist troops were captured and hung. Simnel was also captured but in recognition that he was a bot in the Yorkist scheme, Henry pardoned him and offered him a job in the royal kitchens.
The Battle of Stoke Field ended the Wars of the Roses and secured Henry's throne plus, the new Tudor dynasty.
militaryhistory.about.com/.../battleswars14011600/.../stokefield.htm
The War of the Roses was a series of civil wars between two families. The House (or family) of Lancaster and the House(or family) of York. In the middle of the study the Earl of Warwick becomes a prominent figure. He was called "Warwick the Kingmaker," due to his ability to place people on thrones.
ReplyDeleteWarwick was one of the wealthiest and most powerful men of England. He was an English nobleman, administrator and military commander.
When six years old he was promised to Anne Beauchamp. Her grandfather Thomas le Despenser was involved in a rebellion trying to restore Richard in the 1400's. The rebellion failed and he was caught and beheaded by a mob. When family members from Anne's family died, Neville inherited the title and lots of estates of the Earl of Warwick.
In 1456 Warwick was appointed the English Constable of Calais. England owning that part of France at the time. This area of land held England's largest standing army which gave Warwick power and made England's Queen Margaret nervous. The queen cut off Warwick's supplies until an attack on an English sea port set off a fear of French invasion. Warwick was again
funded to protect and patrol the English coast.
Warwick was not above pirating for a good cause.
When working on behalf of King Edward, Warwick was undermined by King Edward's sneakiness. After several years of Edwards double-handedness Warwick jumped ship.
After much drama and a few battles Warwick was defeated at Barnet due to fog and poor visibility. While trying to escape Warwick was struck off his horse and killed.
After Warwick's death his daughter became the Queen of King Richard III.
Margaret of Anjou was the wife of King Henry VI. She was born on March 23, 1430 and died on August 25, 1482. During her lifetime, her involvement and impact on the War of Roses (and her marriage to King Henry VI) gives her great recognition. One of the factors that attributed to her involvement is that she led the Lancastrian Faction. The Lancastrian Faction was a branch of the House of Plantagenet. Her husband, King Henry VI, began to lose his mind. Because he was no longer mentally capable of ruling at times, she would have to take his place. She made a ruling which excluded the Yorkist faction. It was this institution that was a catalyst for the thirty year civil conflict. During the War of the Roses, her leaders had accomplished victories for her. Even after these victories, she was cruel. After recapturing her husband, she had those who watched over him executed by beheading. When losses led to fighting for the throne, it began to grow dark for Margaret. Her son, Edward, died in the Battle of Tewkesbury. When her son died, she lost her willpower to go on after being known for her ruthlessness. She was captured and ransomed. She died in 1482.
ReplyDeleteto Private Elijah, I greatly enjoyed reading your story about the Battle of Wakefield, and i learned a whole lot of info just from reading your essay, about this battle and some of the few things that were going on during it as well. I think it was pretty stupid of the york leader, Richard duke of york, to go and fight with the lancasterian army, especially when there were 18000 of them and only 8000 of the his army. He pretty much led his army to their own death, because i personally think the didnt really have much of a chance in winning, there were just too many of them. but great job on your essay, i really liked it. Good job!
ReplyDeletehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Margaret_of_Anjou
ReplyDeletehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House_of_Lancaster
Eileen, when you start researching one ruler, you see how important their early decisions are. Who they marry, decisions in war, and their relations with everyone really change the entire course of history. They all seem to constantly be at war with each other, just to be executed at the end of their lives, but hundreds of years later, we can look back and see what a tremendous impact their lives, choices, and deaths have on the history of the country.
Alex, after looking back at these individuals, you wander what would happen if this time period was set in the future. When they place these kids in power, it shows how desperate they were to have an heir, to have somebody who would carry on the family name. The entire priority system was different.
To Alexandria Grace, great job on your essay about the battle of stoke field. I really liked reading your essay about it, and i learned a whole lot of stuff about battle from it too. But Great job!!
ReplyDeleteI’d like to start off by saying that I’m pretty excited that we discussed some England this week because I would absolutely love to go one day. So it’s cool to learn some of the nation’s history.
ReplyDeleteOkay, so I will be writing about Edward IV and his roll in the War of the Roses this week. Edward IV was born in Rouen, France on 11 Feb 1442 to Richard Plantagenet (Duke of York) and Cecily Neville. He ascended to the throne in 1461 and achieved the goal of seating a member of the York family for the entire 1450’s decade (which was a goal set by his father, Richard.) In the battle at Ludford Edward and Richard fought side by side defeating the Lancastrians at Mortinmor’s Cross and later escaped with both the earl of Warwick and earl of Salisbury to Calais. In March of 1461 Edward IV was crowned king. In 1464 Edward married a women by the name of Elizabeth Woodville, which later was proven to be the source of most troubles. Because he was unable to get helping to confront some of the Lancastrian armies, he, in September of 1470, fled to Holland. The year following, he came back to the battle of Tewkesbury and defeated the Lancastrian forces, and in that same year he also have Henry VI executed. The year 1483 was not only the death Edwad the IV but also of his two sons, Edward V and Richard, who were murdered in the Tower of London.
King Henry VI was an important and unique king. His parents were Henri V and his wife Catherine de Valois. They only Henry VI, making him an only child. He was born in 1421 and lived until May 21, 1471.He was a unique king because he was crowned as an infant as the king of France and the king of England. He married in the year of 1445 to Margaret of Anjou. Margaret would constantly lead armies into battles and dictated strategies. During his reign he would lose the 100 year war. He was struck with a mental illness at age thirty-two and had to give his power to his brother, Richard. The next year he recovered from his illness, but Richard refused to give the power back to Henry. This caused the English civil war or also known as the War of Roses. During this war he would be captured by Yorkist forces, forced to announce his brother, Richard to be the rightful heir of the throne, and was murdered by his son, Edward, who won the throne from his father. Henry was locked in the tower of London when captured. Henry VI was fifty years old when he was killed.
ReplyDeleteResources: Waroftheroses.com
For my essay I am going write about Richard Neville, Earl of Warwick. He was also known as Warwick, the Kingmaker. Even though the Wars of the Roses were between the Yorkists and Lancastrians, other groups got involved in order to further their own causes. Richard Neville was one such person. Richard with the help of his father joined forces with the Earl of York in order to help him gain the crown. This put Edward IV on the throne. However, Richard then turned against Edward because of his foreign policy and chose of spouse and became the ally of Edward’s brother the Duke of Clarence. This was in 1469. When this turn about failed he once again switched sides. This time he allied himself with Margaret of Anjou. As Margaret’s ally he conspired to put Henry VI back in power. In the Battle of Barnet Richard lead the Lancastrian forces against Edward IV whom he had helped gain the throne. This was a major battle in the war. After being defeated many previous times Edward IV fled to Burgundy. In Burgundy he gained the support of Charles the Bold. With this new French support Edward IV attacked the Lancastrians in Barnet a town just north of London. The Lancastrians lost the battle and Richard was killed during the retreat. For someone who was not a member of either of the families involved Richard Earl of Warwick had a major part in these wars.
ReplyDeleteKing Henry VI was born on December 6, 1421, at Windsor Castle, England. He became king at the age of nine months old which was caused by his father’s early death. Only two months later, he became king of France as well when his grandfather Charles VI died. He was crowned at Westminster Abbey at the age of eight.
ReplyDeleteHenry was of the House of Lancaster. In 1445 he married the French princess Margaret of Anjou. They had one son called Edward, who later died in a battle, one day before Henry’s execution.
It was during Henry’s governance when the Wars of the Roses began. In 1453, Henry had his first attack of mental illness, which caused Richard of York to take control of the country. When Henry recovered, Richard and he argued over who was the rightful person to rule England. This caused the first battle of the War of the Roses in 1455.
People from the house of York captured the king in 1460 during the battle of Northampton, and forced him to make Richard the heir of the throne. One year later, Richard’s son Edward IV took over the throne, which made the House of York the ruler of England. Henry escaped, but came back in 1461, to attack at Towton. He was defeated and eventually Edward IV was proclaimed king. Henry VI and his wife were sent into exile to Scotland, and were imprisoned in the Tower of London from 1465 until 1470. He actually got to rule again for a short time, but was then captured by Edward IV one last time. Henry VI was executed in the Tower of London on May 21, 1471.
This comment has been removed by the author.
ReplyDeleteThis comment has been removed by the author.
ReplyDeleteThe English Civil War began in 1642 when Charles I raised his royal standard in Nottingham. During the reign of Charles I resulted in the monarch being executed by the order of Oliver Cromwell. The split between Charles and Parliament was such that neither side was willing to back down over the principles that they held and war was inevitable as a way in which all problems could be solved.Armies lacked mobility and the time taken to collect the most basic of equipment meant that there were long periods of time when no fighting was taking place despite England being at war at the time. The weather was also a major determining factor because roads were no more than tracks and the winter could cut them up to make them beyond use so when moving any armies around would be very difficult. There were three major battles in the English Civil War (1642) Marston Moor (1644) and Naseby (1645).The first major battle of the English Civil War was at Edge Hill. While both sides claimed success. And In 1643, Oliver Cromwell came more and more to the fore with his desire for a New Model Army. This new force was to have a decisive impact on the course of the English Civil War.The combined armies of Parliament and the Scots heavily defeated the Royalists.In June 1645, Cromwell’s New Model Army inflicted a fatal blow to the king’s army at the Battle of Naseby. Charles did not recover from this defeat and his cause was lost.And finally in 1649 ,Charles was tried at Westminster Hall in January 1649, and found guilty that he had “traitorously and maliciously levied war against the present Parliament and the people therein represented.”Charles was executed on January 30th, 1649. England was then declared a Commonwealth. For eleven years, England was without a monarch - the only time in its history
ReplyDeletehttp://www.historyonthenet.com/Civil_War/civilwarmain.htm
I really like all who is about civil wars. This is why I choose to talk about the battle of Towton, part of the war of the Roses. The battle was on March 29th 1461. The victor were the Yorkists. The York leadership was with Edward IV, Warwick and Lord Fauconberg. And the Lancaster leadership was only composed of the Duke of Somerset. The army of the Yorks was of about 36000 mans, the army of the Lancaster was of about 40000 mans. They were a few notabe deaths like Henry Percy, 3rd earl of Northumberland; Sir Andrew Trollope; Lord Dacre.
ReplyDeleteIt was the "largest and bloodiest battle ever fought on English soil." According to chroniclers, more than 50,000 soldiers from the Houses of York and Lancaster fought for hours amidst a snowstorm on that day, which was a Palm Sunday. A newsletter circulated a week after the battle reported that 28,000 died on the battlefield.
Henry was weak in character and mentally unsound. His ineffectual rule had encouraged the nobles' schemes to establish control over him, and the situation deteriorated into a civil war between the supporters of his house and those of Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York. After the Yorkists captured Henry in 1460, a majority of nobles agreed in an Act Accord to let York and his line to succeed Henry as king.
On reaching the battlefield, the Yorkists found themselves heavily outnumbered. One of their forces under John de Mowbray. 3d uke of Norfok had yet to arrive. The Yorkist leader Lord Fauconberg turned the tables around by ordering his archers to take advantage of the strong wind to outrange their enemies. The one-sided missile exchange—Lancastrian arrows fell short of the Yorkist ranks—provoked their foes into abandoning their defensive positions. The ensuing hand-to-hand combat lasted hours, exhausting the combatants. The arrival of Norfolk's men reinvigorated the Yorkists and encouraged by Edward, they routed their foes. Lancastrians trampled each other or drowned in the rivers while fleeing from their pursuers. Several taken as prisoners were executed.
The power of the House of Lancaster was severely reduced after this battle. Henry fled the country, and many of his most powerful followers were dead or in exile after the engagement, letting Edward rule England uninterrupted for 9 years.
The Battle of St. Albans was the first battle of the War of the Roses between Richard of York and Henry VI on May 22, 1455. Henry VI’s army arrived first and began to defend the city while Richard’s camped out nearby. After many hours of failed peace negotiations, Richard launched a surprise attack, but was hindered by the obstacles posed by Henry’s forces around the town. Richard’s soldiers eventually found an unguarded area, however, and discovered the King and many soldiers relaxing and waiting for their opportunity to fight, apparently unaware of the hole in their defenses. Of course, Richard seized this oversight to charge the defenseless men and capture the King- thus, gaining the upper hand in the battle. When the soldiers defending the perimeter realized they had been breached, they quickly fled the city.
ReplyDeleteRichard of York had won the first battle of the War of the Roses and captured Henry VI; yet, this first victory did not help him enough, for King Henry VI won the War of the Roses after 30 years of fighting.
(Can you believe I "kinda" missed these Akers????)
King Richard III:
ReplyDeleteRichard III was born on October 2, 1452 in Northamptonshire, England; died August 22, 1485. Because of his brothers death, Richard was put on the throne, taking the place of the original, twelve-year-old successor.
His reign as the King of England began in 1483. In August of 1485, Henry Tudor invaded England, and on August 22 he defeated Richard at the Battle of Bosworth Field.
Richard was the last of the Plantagenet dynasty which had ruled England since the succession of Henry II in 1154.
The battle he died in was of the War of Roses: sometimes known as the end of the Middle Ages. King Richard III faced some difficult situations in his life, but he died a brave king.
I like many others this week for my essay chose to wright about The Wars of the Roses. The war of Roses lasted from fourteen-fiftyfive to fourteen-eightyseven. These Wars consisted of a series of wars fought between The House of Lancaster and The House of York. I am choosing to talk about The Battle of Wakefield. The Battle of Wakefield started on December 30, 1460. Richard and Richard Neville travled north to meet the very large/very big threat Lancastrian force near New York city. As they were getting closer to their destination Richard took a defensive position at Sandal Castle. And the other Richard left his stronghold and directly attacked the Lancastrian army even tho it was much larger pretty much twice the size of their army. Although Richard did put some time to. He eventually was over whelmed his army was very badly defeated. The York had 8,000 and the Lancastrian had 18,000. Richard was killed in the battle. The earl of Sailsbury and the Yorks son were captured and killed marking the beginning of the less chivalarous form of warfare that lasted until the end of the wars.
ReplyDelete@megan-kiser13:
ReplyDeleteI really liked your essay. I learned a lot about the Battle of Wakefield. I think it was really stupid from the one Richard to attack the large army from the yorks. I also think it is really interesting that the one army was almost twice as big as the other army. So you did a really good job on your essay.
@elena:
ReplyDeleteElena you did a really good job on your essay. You chose the same battle as me, so I knew most of the stuff about the battle. Thats what I thought. But then I read your essay and you had way more informations about the battle in it then me. I was really surprised where you got all the informations from. But you didn't wrote your sources down. But really good job!!
Christian, thank you for sharing about the Battle of Bosworth.You made it very interesting and easy to understand. I can't imagine going to battle with traitors in the army with you. I think it would be difficult if two other armies are standing by to be loyal to you if you won. I think they call these type of people, "Fair weather friends." I would not trust them if I went into battle with them. They could easily
ReplyDeleteturn on me in battle and become my enemy if the other side was winning.
Guffy: Thanks for taking on the Battle of St. Abans. I wonder what the terms of the failed peace negotiations were? It makes you wonder if they were ever recorded and where the papers are. The picture of Henry VI sitting and waiting to be told when their opportunity to go to war would start is amazing. It kinda makes you realize he totally depended on people for everything. I guess that what happens when you become King as a baby. "The King... relaxing and waiting... apparently unaware of the hole in their defenses." I wonder how many times that has happened in History?
Sorry I forgot to cite my sources for my report. wikipedia. com
Simon,
ReplyDeleteI really liked your essay on the Battle of Towton. It was straightforward and easy to read. I think it was interesting to hear that weather can have benefits for one group, which are disadvantages for the other group in a battle. I had never heard of any other battle that dealt with that. Actually it was pretty unfair for the Lancastrians. If I had fought in the battle I had probably given up, because it was hopeless anyways.
Alexandria Grace,
I thought you chose a very interesting battle of the Wars of Roses. It was sad to hear that a little boy, who surely didn’t know what was going on and who hadn’t done anything, was captured by a cruel man and then probably even died. I had some problems to follow the story, though, because why would the priest want to present the little boy as himself? I think you probably made a little mistake, and meant Edward instead.
Simon,
ReplyDeleteI did not know a lot about the Battle of Towton, so your essay helped me out. I thought it was really interessting that the War of Roses were called after the Families badges they used. Your information was good and you described the War and coming consiquences (that the King Henry, the Queen and Edward fled) really good.
You had a good essay. Keep up the good work!!!
Emily C.,
Your essay was great, I really enjoyed reading your article. I liked the fact that you did not write about a King, but about his wife. That gave me a different view! It was also really impressive that Margaret of Anjou replaced her husband after he lost his mind and could not rule anymore. She must have had willpower to survive the War, were she needed to make decicions mostly on her own, I mean without her family. And I really understand that she had a hard time to move on after her son died.
Again, good work!
Alexandria Grace ,
ReplyDeleteYou did a great job on your essay .I enjoyed reading it a lot ,it is interesting :) .You gave us many good information about Wars of the Roses .I didn’t know a lot about this Battle so i learned a lot from it Also in Battle of Stoke Field was that Henry lost a lot of people but many survived . The Battle of Stoke Field ended the Wars of the Roses.
Guffey ,
ReplyDeleteI like your essay .I liked that you wrote about the Battle of St. Albans because it is like the beginning of the War of roses , the first battle of the War of the Roses between Richard of York and Henry VI . You gave a lot of necessary details .Also the point of th end of this battle that Richard of York had won the first battle of the War of the Roses and captured Henry VI . Good job Guffey :)
Guffey, (it’s great to see you do the homework now!), whatever, Great essay!
ReplyDeleteThe story about this first war of the Roses is quite surprising. It’s really fun to see that the king Henry the VI and his army were relaxing in a time of war specially at the beginning of the war! I don’t know what came through their mind but war is not really about relaxing but more of fighting or getting ready to fight specially for them since I guess they were not that ready.. So once again, Good essay, very interesting!
Emily Lynn, Great Essay! I really want to go to England too, and I think their story is very interesting, specially for me since if it wasn’t a country existing I don’t think my country and others too will be here today. The story of this king is very interesting but the end is pretty sad.. Again, great essay!
Simon, Great essay! And sorry I can’t find the site with all the information I used for my essay.
The battle of Towton took place on March 29, 1461, the day after the battle of Ferrybridge, when the Yorkists attacked the Lancastrians. The York forces were led by Edward IV, Warwick, and Lord Fauconberg. The Lancastrians were led by the Duke of Somerset. The York forces had 36,000 soldiers and the Lancastrians had 40,000. The battle was being fought in the middle of a snow storm and the Yorkers used the wind and snow to their advantage. They could shoot farther than the Lancastrians could. The Lancastrians thought the best battle strategy would be to charge the Yorkers and it seemed to be working for a time because the Yorker lines seemed to weaken. Things were looking up for the Lancastrians until the duke of Norfolk, John Mowbray, came with reinforcements. The Yorkist army defeated the Lancastrians.
ReplyDelete28,000 people died on the battlefield that day and as a result of the battle, Edward IV replaced Henry VI as King of England. Apparently, King Henry had a very weak rule over his people would led to this civil war. He fled the country soon after the battle. I think this battle is a testimony of where a weak ruler can take people. The result obviously isn’t pretty.
Abbie,
ReplyDeleteVery good report. It was very informative and interesting. I would hate to be in a battle in the middle of a snow storm. 28,000 to have died in one day, wow, that must have been an extremely sad day for some people. I definitly agree that King Henry was a very weak ruler and apparently a cowardly one too. A ruler has a great influence on a lot of people and also like you said, this battle is a great example of what a weak leader can do to his people. Good Job Abbie.
Camden,
ReplyDeleteVery good job. I enjoying reading your essay, it was very informative. It is true how much impact Richard Earl of Warwick made such an influence in this war although he wasnt a member in either of the families. I think its pretty crazy how Edward IV kept switching sides and changing allies and even fled to Burgundy. But even though he changed his mind so much, with the support of some french he defeated the Lancastrians. Good Job Camdon.
Guffey, good job on your essay. I’m sure you had so much fun writing it. Am I right? Anyway, it was very informative and provided just enough information for me to understand what was going on. I thought it was funny that the king was just sitting around waiting for a good chance to attack and he himself got attacked. He must have had a lot of confidence in his soldiers. That or he was just arrogant…
ReplyDeleteEmily Lynn, great job on your essay! I almost wrote my essay on the Duke of York (Edward’s father) but I quickly got bored with it.. I would have liked it if you would have described why his wife was the most of his problems. I guess the poor guy just had a rough marriage :P
Simon, good job on your essay as well. I like how you gave a little background information before you actually jumped into telling the story of the battle. Good job!
Abbie, I really liked your essay. And the battle of towton shows that numbers do not always matter. The York forces defiantly showed that they were smarter the Lancastrians and were obviously better led. Since King Henry was very poor leader, and there is no way that you can lead your people into a battle then just stand around and let 28,000 people die in one day.
ReplyDeleteRguff, your essay was very informative and interesting. Your information proves that you need to carefully plan your moves. And with Richard keeping his army hidden from Henry he was able to launch a surprise attack. As well as capturing King Henry, even though they won the battle they did not win the war.
War of the Roses was a series of battles fought between two different lord’s and there people. Henry VI ruled the House of Lancaster, while Edward III (Richard’s son) ruled the House of York. The origin of the name of the battles, “War of the Roses” came from the emblem the men wore on their sleeves. The Lancastrians wore the red rose, and the Yorkists wore the white. The thing that drew me in the most was king Henry VI’s episodes of mental illness.
ReplyDeleteKing Henry VI was crowned king over France and England when he was only an infant. Later on when he was 32 (1453) he had his first attack of his mental illness. In the result, the duke of York, Richard took up the responsibility of ruling England, and Calais (a part of France). After a year of recovery, Henry VI tried to take back his country. Thus resulted in the War of the Roses. In 1460 King Henry VI was captured in the battle of Northampton, and forced to proclaim that Richard was the rightful heir to the throne of England. Richard’s son Edward III took up the throne in 1461, the only time that King Henry VI ever reigned on his throne again was briefly during 1470 and 1471. In the April while he was King again, Edward captured him one last time and sent him to the tower of London where he would be murdered in May 21, 1471.
Guffey, ohhh I bet you do miss this homework lol
ReplyDeleteBut anyways, great essay Love! Wouldn’t that be a horrible thing to happen to you? I bet after having an experience like that you would be totally ready for battle regardless of the situation.
Emily Dungan, I rather enjoyed your essay. I wrote about King Henry VI. And you wrote about Edward, it was very nice to see the other side of the situation. Good job! Lovedd your essay.
Emily Cox, Your essay was short, sweet, and to the point. I Loveddddd it! I didn’t even know there was a Margaret. This Margaret character seems like she was not a pleasant woman to e around, and mabe she was the one to blame for the wars for excluding the House of York. I don’t exactly know, but mabe. She seems cruel to, like she had to be constantly ruling in terror or something.
Margaret of Anjou was a remarkable woman and a key part in the Wars of the Roses. She was the wife of King Henry VI of England. She was born on the 23rd of March 1430 and died on the 25th of August 1482. She was the queen of England from 1445 to 1461 and then again was queen from 1470 to 1471. Due to Henry's insanity, Margaret ruled the kingdom in her husband's place.
ReplyDeleteDuring her reign she was attempting to raise further support for the Lancastrian cause which caused her to get involved in the Wars of Roses. During this time she had many wins and few losses. During the Yorkist forces of Richard Neville she won and captured her husband back. Later on she killed, for no reason, the men who had watched over King Henry to keep him out of harm during the battle. Soon after, her husband was killed in battle. She was then forced to lead her own army into the Battle of Tewkesbury where her very own 17 year old son was killed. At the end of the battle she was taken captive by William Stanley. She was then imprisoned by King Edward; first at Wallingford Castle and then in the Tower of London until later ransomed by the French king. She died at the age of fifty-two and was entombed next to her parents in the cathedral of Angers.
Abbie:
ReplyDeleteYour essay kept me very intrested. Its amazing how they used the bad weather to there advantage, Pretty cool. Anyways, good job.
Elizabeth:
Good Essay! very interesting battle actually. I find it to be quite a dumb decision for that guy to switch sides like that. Nice essay!
Emily D., I’m excited too! I’ve never really had the chance to delve deep into European history so I’m looking forward to the coming weeks.
ReplyDeleteI really liked your essay. It had a lot of information and helped me understand how all these different people fit together. (Plus the Tower of London thing was creepy-I like it haha)
Camden, your essay was very clear and informative. It was very interesting and easy to understand the glimpse into Richard Neville’s life. He certainly seemed like the type of guy to team up with the highest bidder. Very good job.
Biggin, I really liked the fact you explained the origins of nickname “Kingmaker.” I had seen it several times, but I didn’t understand what it meant. Your essay was very helpful in comprehending the era and what Warwick’s life was like.
Essay from Jerome,
ReplyDeletethis week I will tell about the Wars of Roses. These wars were a group of very interesting wars.
The wars lasted from 1455 to 1487. The Wars of the Roses were a series of civil wars fought in medieval England
between the House of Lancater and the House of York.
I'm going to talk about the Battle of Wakefield. The date of the battle was December 30, 1460.
Richard traveled with Richard Neville, earl of Salisbury to fight against the twices large Lancastrian force.
The Location was near the city of York. Richhard preferred defensive position at Sandal Castle.
Richard left his stronghold and directly attacked the Lancastrian force with just 8.000 soldiers against 18.000 soldiers.
Salisbury and York's son were captured and executed marking the beginning of a
less chivalrous form of warfare that lasted until the end of the wars. The victors were the Lancastrians.
i have decided to share with you a little bit about king edward IV. edward was married to a lady by the name of elizabeth woodville. edward had many children there names were Elizabeth of York,Mary,Cicely,Edward V,Margaret,Richard,Anne,
ReplyDeleteGeorge,catherine,and bridget... im not sure ifthey were all by the same woman but i am assuming they were. edward took the throne sometime in 1461 and he fought along side his father Richard III for many years. later on in his marriage edward discovered his wife was the cause of many troubles. it didnt say it in the article but im assuming they either seperated or divorced because he came back only with two sons that were later killed in london. so there is some completely boring info about king edward IV :)
and so all my stuff about edward didnt make up 200 words i guess i'll tell you a little bit about one of these battles so i picked the battle of bloreheath simply because im facinated with its name :) after four years apparently the war of roses got really badgain and that resulted in the battle of bloreheath. during this battle king richard decided to out his main focus on ludlow and then the attack of the lancastrian. all of this resulted in the yorkist winning a major battle.
jerome,
ReplyDeletei really enjoyed your essay it had alot more information in it than mine did... thats for sure. you did a really good job! :)
emma,
i really liked how did your essay it was very good i kept me interested and reading :) and this womans story was pretty inspiring like i cant emphasize how intersted i am in her now after reading your essay really good job emma :)
emily,
your essay was amazing may i say :) it caught my attention where you said that he was crowned king as a baby like thats something i didnt think it was possible so like you said that really cool and unique :)
christian,
your essay had a extreme amount of information so that made it really interesting i like it how u talked about the people as well as the battles i did the samething but mainly cause i couldnt find enough info on that edward dude. well anyways good job :)
Dear jess_megs15,
ReplyDeleteI really like to read your essay. You said in the respons that
I have more information in my essay then in yours, but that is not true at all...
I would say we are tight. I really like your choice what you want to write this week. To
write something about king Edward IV sounds very interesting. After the reading over your essay I know a lot more king Edwards biography.
I enjoy to read one part of your essay when it says:
and so all my stuff about edward didnt make up 200 words i guess i'll tell you a little bit about one of these battles. Great job.
Dear Emma.Delaine,
I really enjoy to read your essay over Margaret of Anjou. It sounds very interesting and a lot information, which makes it much more interesting.
I guess she was a very strong and polite woman. Great job Emma.
king henry vi was an important and unigue king.his parents were henry v and catherine de valois.they only had henry vi,making him an only child.he was born in 1421 and lived untill may 21 of 1471.he was a unique king because he was crowned as an infant as the king of both france and england.he married in the year 1445 to a lady named margret of anjou.margret would constantly jead armies into battes and dictated srategies.during his reign he would lose the 100 year war.he was struck with mental illness and was forced to give the crown to his brother,richard.the next year he recovered from his illness,but richard refused to give the crown back.this caused the english civil war or better known as the war of the roses.during this time henry would be forced to to announce richard to be the rightful heir to the throne,captured and murdered by his son edward who later became king.when captured henry was kept in the tower of london.henry vi was 50 when he was killed
ReplyDeleteI am going to talk about the Battle of Towton, one of the battles in the Wars of the Roses.
ReplyDeleteThe Wars of the Roses were a series of civil wars in England from 1455 to 1487. The battles were fought between the House of Lancaster and the House of York. The name Wars of the Roses is based on the badges each House used, a red rose for the Lancastrians and the white rose for the Yorkists.
The battle of Towton was on 29th March 1461, one day after the battle of Ferrybridge which the Yorkists won. The Yorkist forces (36,000) attacked the Lancastrian forces (40,000) during a snowstorm up a sloping hill. The snow and the wind direction helped the Yorkist archers to be able to shoot farther then their enemies. The Lancastrians thought their best strategy was to charge and after many hours of fighting the Yorkist line was showing signs of strains, but fortunately John Mowbray arrived with more reinforcements and they were able to defeat the Lancastrians. So King Henry VI, the Queen, and their son fled to Scotland and Edward IV marched into York. On June 28 he was formally crowned king at Westminster.
Abbie, I really liked your essay. And the battle of towton shows that numbers do not always matter. The York forces defiantly showed that they were smarter the Lancastrians and were obviously better led. Since King Henry was very poor leader, and there is no way that you can lead your people into a battle then just stand around and let 28,000 people die in one day.
ReplyDeleteRachel, your essay was very informative and interesting. Your information proves that you need to carefully plan your moves. And with Richard keeping his army hidden from Henry he was able to launch a surprise attack. As well as capturing King Henry, even though they won the battle they did not win the war.
I’m writing my essay on Henry VI this week.
ReplyDeleteAs an infant Henry VI was crowned not only the king of England, but also France because of his father’s death and his grandfather’s mental illness. He was born December sixth, at Winsdor Castle. His father died when he was only nine months old.
At the age of eight, Henry VI was pronounced old enough to go through a ceremony in which he was crowned. This happened at Westminister Abbey. A year later he was pronounced king of France.
When Henry VI was sixteen, his mother was killed once her secret of another husband was found, she had delivered four children to this man, known as Owen Tudor.
He married his wife at age thirty-two. Her name was Margaret of Anjou, they married in 1445.
Sources:
http://www.englishmonarchs.co.uk/plantagenet_11.htm
http://warsoftheroses.com/WRPeopleShell.cfm?pid=2
The War of Roses named for the the symbols each opposing side used. One side ( the Lancastrians) had a red rose, and the other side ( the Yorkists) sporting a white rose. It wasn't just one war but basically a series of civil wars fought over the crown of England. The main reasons were that the house of your and the house of lancaster were both descendant of the king, many didn't like the nobles that the present king surrounded himself with, and many nobleshad easy access to their own armies. They were brutal, terrible wars. They are quite a few heros and contributers to this war but several specific people were: Henry VI who always seemed to be falling into the hands of his enemies for a bettter part of the war. Queen Margaret of Anjou wife of Henry VI a intelligent, controlling woman. She fought tirelessly throughout most of the war until her death. She more or less controlled the crown while her husband was quite passive. Henry and Margaret were Lancastrian. Edward IV was another big character in the event of these wars. He became the king sometime after the wars began. He was Yorkist. It ended with Henry VII becoming the king. He was the first Tudor king. It was argued that he was not legitimate and only was claimed to be by the Lancastrians. Nevertheless he became king and the War of Roses ended under his reign. So in summary it seems that in the end after around thiry-two years of fighting.
ReplyDeleteMy sources:
ReplyDeletehttp://www.luminarium.org/encyclopedia/warsoftheroses.htm
http://warsoftheroses.com/index.htm